Sinter is the primary feed material for making iron in a blast furnace. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the sintering process converts fine-sized raw materials, including iron ore, coke breeze, limestone, mill scale, and flue dust, into an agglomerated product, sinter, of suitable size for charging into the blast furnace. ...
Yang W, Ryu C, Choi S, Choi E, Ri DW, Huh W (2004) Mathematical model of thermal processes in an iron ore sintering bed. Met Mater Int 10(5):493---500 Google Scholar Cross Ref; Ahn H, Choi S, Cho B (2013) Process simulation of iron ore sintering bed with flue gas recirculation. Ironmak Steelmak 40(2):120---128 Google Scholar Cross Ref
A multi-objective optimization problem to maximize both sinter productivity and quality for the integrated iron ore sintering process is formulated and solved using an evolutionary algorithm called non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) to obtain a set of Pareto-optimal solutions. In the iron ore sintering process, it is desirable to …
AusIron furnace is designed to produce about 500,000 t/a of hot metal when smelting typical iron concentrates and to generate about 100 MW electric power, of which one-third is consumed by the smelter. The hot metal capacity of the same AusIron furnace can be tripled when smelting hot pre-reduced iron concentrate.
In the iron ore sintering process, it is desirable to maximize the productivity and quality of sinter while minimizing the fuel consumption for any given raw material (iron ore, flux and solid fuel) quality. However, given the complexity of the sintering process and the large number of manipulated variables, it is not practical for …
in the high-limonite sintering process. The eects of iron sand ratios on the basic characteristics of vanadium titanium mixed ores were investigated using micro-sinter and grey relational analysis methods. Their results indicated that the iron–sand ratio in vanadium–titanium mixed ores should be controlled within 9–12 wt% [2224–].
This chapter focuses on the application of the sintering process as an important raw material preparation step for the production of hot metal in blast furnaces in integrated steel mills, which accounts for about 70% of world steel production annually. 15.1.1. Sintering process for iron ore fines
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slag-forming agents and solid fuel …
Extracting iron while minimizing the health and environmental risks associated with arsenic contamination necessitates the removal of arsenic from arsenic-bearing iron ores to ensure a safe and sustainable supply of this metal for industries. The beneficiation of iron minerals and arsenic-bearing minerals from arsenic-bearing iron …
The main applications of the data-driven fusion model are sintering parameter prediction and sintering process optimisation, where the keys are modelling …
The 3D graphite/ceramic composite prototyping parts directly prepared by selective laser sintering (SLS) were porous, which led to poor strength and low thermal conductivity.
Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of …
Iron ore granulation is an indispensable process in the production of sinter that can influence and regulate the yield, efficiency and quality.
Sintering is an agglomeration process that fuses iron ore fines, fluxes, recycled products, slag-forming elements and coke. ... granulation process is studied as a consequence of being the source of pre-agglomerated materials for the subsequent sintering process. Thus, the main tests used to the determination of the properties are …
Sinter machine capacity depends on the quality of the sintering components and local process conditions. The sintering area determines it, making it 1.3-1.5 t/ m 2 h. Technologies for Reducing Sintering Emissions. Reduction of fuel consumption for the sintering process in iron-making decreases emissions of harmful …
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Process Intensification (PI) is a rapidly growing field of research aiming to improve productivity, accelerate the process with higher reaction rates innovatively, improve efficiency, safety, and reduce emissions to fulfill Environmental Social, and Governance (ESG) commitments. The PI approach is also a pathfinding tool to achieve …
The MEBIOS (Mosaic Em-Bedding Iron Ore Sintering) process was recently proposed as part of an ISIJ (Iron and Steel Institute of Japan) research project for …
1. Introduction. Thick-bed sintering can take advantage of the self-storage effects of the materials layer to lower the consumption of solid fuels, reduce the emission of gaseous …
Fig 1 Flowsheet of sintering process. The iron ore fines are natural ore of size 0 mm to 10 mm. The raw mix (also called sinter mix) is made with the weighed amount of iron ore fines, limestone, dolomite, …
The Sintering Process of Iron Ore Fines. satyendra; March 9, 2013; 8 Comments ; flux sinter, Iron ore fines, self fluxing sinter, sinter, sinter machines, Stright line machine. circular machine, super fluxed sinter,; The Sintering Process of Iron Ore Fines. Sintering plants are normally associated with the production of hot metal in blast …
In iron making process, sintering of iron ore fines is an integral step to utilize not only the ore fines but also to introduce a part of flux (limestone and dolomite) along with the sinter in blast furnace burden. In this way, the productivity of the furnace...
sand is important.4–9 Utilization of iron sand in the sintering process not only reduces production cost but also protects the blast furnace lining in the subsequent smelting process. Many studies on the characteristics of iron sand have been reported.10 The results show that iron sand is characterized by regular particles, smooth surface ...
Metallurgy - Roasting, Smelting, Refining: Each of the above processes can be carried out in specialized roasters. The types most commonly in use are fluidized-bed, multiple-hearth, flash, chlorinator, rotary kiln, and sintering machine (or blast roaster). Fluidized-bed roasters (see figure) have found wide acceptance because of their high capacity and …
The iron ore sintering is an agglomeration process where the fine raw materials (<3 mm) are agglomerated into large particles (>5 mm) through surface melting. ... Modelling the effect of sinter machine speed on bed temperature and coke combustion characteristics in iron ore sintering process. R. Seenivasan JSW Steel Ltd, …
The basicity of sinter feed material is an important parameter in the efficient operation of the sintering and iron making process. Basicity is a calculated chemical parameter composed of the ratio of two or more elements that are known to affect the alkalinity of the material. Stabilization of the basicity of the sinter product delivers ...
Sintering is a process by which a mixture of iron ores, fl uxes and coke is agglomerated in a sinter plant to manufacture a sinter product of a suitable composition, quality and granulometry to be ...
Iron ore sinter plants are energy-intensive components of integrated iron and steel production (see Table 1), where the iron ore fines (<5 mm) are converted into larger (>5 mm) lump sinter cakes with greater gas permeability, which are the most important burden materials for iron making in blast furnaces (BFs) [7].The main process is shown …
Established in 2010, Minerals and Materials Processing Laboratory has been engaged in research and development in several areas of extractive metallurgy including : Blast Furnace Process Modelling, Minerals/Materials Processing Using Microwave, Minerals/Materials Process Modelling, Developmnet of Smelter for Nickel/Copper/Iron …
Energy Resources, Its Role and Use in Metallurgical Industries. R.C. Gupta, in Treatise on Process Metallurgy: Industrial Processes, 2014 4.2.3.1.3.2 Sinter Making. The iron ore fines (− 10 mm) are agglomerated using Dwight Lloyed sintering machine. The iron ore fines and coke breeze fines mix with moisture is fed on the sinter bed which is ignited by …
