In concentrating copper ores, for example, pine oil is often used. The pine oil binds to the copper compounds, but not to the unwanted rocky material. The treated ore is then put in a large bath of water containing a ing agent (a soap or detergent of some kind), and air is blown through the mixture to make a lot of bubbles.
The test is a means of determining the flotation characteristics of an ore. It is conducted in a laboratory scale cell usually with a volume of two point five litres. The intention is to generate relationships of cumulative recovery, mass pull and grade versus time and use these to evaluate the floatability of metal, mineral and gang.
Copper oxide ore is characterized by low ore grade, fine embedded particle size and severe slime coating, which is a difficult ore to be processed in China [1].Malachite [Cu 2 (OH) 2 CO 3] is a classic type of copper oxide and can be widely applied in copper metal extraction [2].And it is a type of hydroxy copper carbonate, which is formed by …
Impact of operation parameters on designing flotation cells (gas hold-up, superficial gas velocity, bubble size distribution and orifice type, etc.); ... method were used to predict the copper ore flotation indices, [...] Read …
The current study investigated the effects of thiol collectors on the flotation of base metals (BMs) and platinum group metals (PGMs) ores. The properties of a single-mineral flotation test were conducted using sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX), sodium ethyl xanthate (), potassium ethyl xanthate (PEX), and sodium isopropyl xanthate (SIPX) …
Moharrami et al. [127] conducted a study of the copper–lead–zinc mixed ore in the Mani Mountain Region of Zanjan Province, Iran. A selective flotation process consisting of multiple stages was applied. In the first step, potassium amyl xanthate was employed as a collector for the preferential flotation recovery of copper–lead sulfide ...
The flotation by surface sulphidisation of the oxidized copper-cobalt-bearing ore from Kimpe (1.97% Cu; 0.66% Co) was studied in order to evaluate its behavior by the analysis of its most ...
The effect of microwave treatment on the grinding and flotation performance of a typical copper–nickel sulfide ore was evaluated, based on the determination of its microwave absorption capability, grinding and flotation indexes such as crack percentage, mineral liberation degree, particle size distribution, relative work index …
Principal forms in which copper ores are found include native copper, porphyry copper, massive deposits, and mixed ores. Native copper is simply the metal found unadulterated in nature. Occasionally copper is still found in its native form, but more frequently it is mixed with other minerals, some of which may have value themselves. The amount of copper …
The ores containing multiple metals, such as lead, copper and zinc, can be selectively extracted by using froth floatation. The minerals that do not float into the froth are called the flotation tailings or flotation tails. The froth flotation process was first patented by H. F. K. Pickard, E. L. Sulman and John Ballot in the year 1906.
Sulfide ore flotation tailings, especially those containing large amounts of pyrite as well as other sulfide minerals (containing different non-ferrous metals), are sources of acid mine drainage (AMD) due to the complex process of sulfide oxidation via biotic or abiotic processes induced by water and oxygen availability.
Micro-flotation and batch rougher kinetic flotation experiments were carried out with and without ultrafine bubbles using a modified Hallimond tube and 2.5 L Denver® …
The beneficiation of platinum group metals (PGMs) from pristine (unweathered) sulfide ores has conventionally been conducted through froth flotation, which typically achieves platinum recoveries ...
The basic factors, principles and variables affecting froth flotation are enumerated in condensed form below: Ore. (a) Mineralogical character. (b) Fineness of grinding. (c) Method of grinding. Agents. (a) Principal flotation agent. ("Oil") α Character. β Quantity. (b) Minor agent. α Character. β Quantity. Water. (a) Quantity with respect to …
Copper (Cu) ore is a naturally occurring mineral deposit that contains copper in varying concentrations. It is an important industrial metal that has been used by human civilizations for thousands of years due to its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, high ductility, and resistance to corrosion. Copper is widely used in various …
Froth flotation is a physicochemical separation process in which a mixture of fine mineral particles is mixed with water in a large tank (cell), and a swarm of small air bubbles …
The flotation method of concentration, used extensively for other metal ores, has only recently been utilized for hematite iron ores. It can be applied as either the sole concentration process or as a final concentration stage to ensure a high-grade product. In the flotation process, air is bubbled through a suspension of fine iron ore in water
Figure 1 is a generalized diagram of a conventional copper flotation plant from the point where ore first enters the circuit to the production of concentrate and tailings. To prepare ore for the flotation process, run-of-mine ore, which may contain from about 2 to 5 percent water, by weight, when mined, is
Copper sulfide ores must be concentrated before they can be economically transported to a smelter. Froth flotation is part of a copper beneficiation process in which finely ground …
In this section, we carry out a case study to maximize the ore grade in the copper concentrate and determine the best operating conditions (for example, reagent …
(Reprintedwith permissionfrom The Minerals, Metals and Mater-ials Society (TMS).) Table 2 Distribution of Ni and S in sulfide ores Ore source Nickel distribution (%) Sulfur distribution (%) Pentlandite Pyrrhotite Pentlandite Chalcopyrite Pyrrhotite Sudbury 87.0 13.0 12.5 9.8 77.7 Thompson 94.8 5.20 20.1 1.5 78.4 Shebandowan 91.8 8.20 16.0 7.6 76.4
Low grades, complex ores and rising energy costs have prompted the development of entirely new flotation vessels, improvements to existing technology, and new thinking about flotation flowsheets. The froth-free flotation vessel comes by way of Eriez Flotation Division, which patented it in 2002 and marketed it under the name …
The recovery of these copper minerals by flotation or hydrometallurgy from ores, typically containing 0.5%TCu (open pit mines) and 1-2%TCu (underground …
After a multi-stage flotation of copper ores, the produced copper concentrates are processed via pyrometallurgical routes to produce copper metal . To meet the high forecasted demand for copper, mining industries are finding it necessary to mine ores at increasingly deeper positions since copper reserves are finite and easy-to-mine ore …
The paper is about the froth flotation process and its application. It is a metallurgical process for the extraction of metals in a pure state from their ores: especially for sulfide ores.
Several flotation cells including Jameson, Reflux™ and Imhoflot™ cells, oscillating grid flotation cell and staged flotation reactor were presented as efficient cells …
Senfroth XP 200 was found to be more effective than Senfroth 516 in the recovery of copper from black mountain ore. Keywords— Black Mountain Ore, Copper Metal, Frothers, Flotation, Recovery. Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of flotation process I. INTRODUCTION NMBT is a very good collector of oxidized and partially oxidized gold …
The cuprite recovery in Madneuli XI was 53.9% presenting better cuprite recovery compared to 30–31% obtained in other ore units. In general, copper oxide minerals do not respond well to traditional concentration methods but also high NSG minerals in other ores and probably a major percentage of copper sulphates may lead …
A maximum recovery of copper was 88,58% while the grade was 2,88 with 32,29 copper oxide on the total massive copper under the flotation conditions: 1,15 pulp density, 10 g/t dosage collector, 10 g/t dosage frother, and 50 g/t dosage dispersant and the maximum grade 12,24 while the recovery was 47,02% under the flotation conditions: …
Flotation is widely used to concentrate copper, lead, and zinc minerals, which commonly accompany one another in their ores. Many complex ore mixtures formerly of little value have become major sources of certain metals by means of the flotation process. This article was most recently revised and updated by
